Best Bally Online Casinos in the UK

All Sites Licensed by the: Gambling Commission

Best 8 Bally Casino Sites for 2026

Position	Casino test reports	Rating	Bonus	Special features	Payout rate	Payout duration	Casino Games	To the provider	General terms and conditions
1	Grand Ivy	5.0/5	Bet & Get 75 Free Spins when betting £10	Visa, Mastercard, Bank Transfer, Skrill, Neteller, PaysafeCard Barcrest, Relax Gaming, Thunderkick, Wazdan, Hacksaw Gaming, Push Gaming, ELK Studios, Just For The Win, Merkur, Play'n GO, Microgaming, Blueprint Gaming, Gamevy, Foxium, All 41 Studios, IGT, Gameburger Studios, Evolution Gaming, Eyecon Gaming, Triple Edge Studios, Net Gaming, Gacha Studios, Pragmatic Play, NetEnt, Slingo, Lightning Box, Gold Coin Studios, Nolimit City, Big Time Gaming, Leander, Spin Play Games, Kalamba, Iron Dog, Fantasma Games, Inspired Gaming, Live 5 Gaming, Snowborn Games, Core Gaming, Greentube, Scientific Games, Stakelogic, Stormcraft Studios, 4 The Player, Golden Rock Studios, PG Soft, Spin Play Games, Crazy Tooth Studio, WMS, Gold Coin Studios, Pear Fiction Gaming, Buck Stakes Entertainment, Neon Valley Studios, Chance Interactive, 1x2gaming, Max Win, Pulse 8, Neko Games, Endemol, Lucksome Studios, Switch Studios, Spinomenal, SYNOT, Design Works Gaming, Spreadhead, Playzido, RAW iGaming, Gaming Corps, Chance Interactive, Reelplay, Alchemy Gaming, Endemol, OnAir, Slingshot, Prospect Gaming, Tom Horn Gaming, Authentic Gaming, Reel Time Gaming, S Games, Rabcat, Felt Games, Area Vegas, Red Rake, High Limit Studio, Nailed It!, Oros, Skywind, Pear Fiction, Print Studio, Fortune Factory, Four Leaf Gaming, Aurum Signature Studios, Revolver Gaming, AGS, Blue Guru Games, Armadillo Studios, Red 7, Crucible Gaming, Blue Ring Studios, Spinmatic, Max Win, Ad Lunam, Hammertime Games, Lady Luck Games, Silverback Games, Octoplay, Barstruck, AvatarUX, Electric Elephants, Rogue, Half Pixel Studios	95.17%	1 - 2 days	2823	Claim Your Bonus!	Full T&Cs Apply. 18+. New players only. Min. deposit £20. Welcome Offer is 75 free spins on Big Bass Bonanza on your first deposit. To claim the free spins you also need to wager a minimum of £10 of your first deposit on slots. Free spins must be used within 72 hours. Winnings from free spins credited as cash funds and capped at £100. These cash funds are immediately withdrawable. Affordability checks apply. Please gamble responsibly.GambleAware.org
2	NetBet	4.9/5	Get 100 Free Spins When You Bet £20	Visa, Mastercard, PayPal, Google Pay, PaysafeCard, Yaspa, Payz, Trustly, Wire Transfer Pragmatic Play, Gaming Corps, Playtech, Evolution, Play'n GO, Gamess Global, Inspired, BF Games, NetEnt, Eyecon, ReelPlay, Red Tiger Gaming, G Games, iSoftBet, Relax Gaming, Ygdrasil, IGT, ELK Studios, Push Gaming, Octoplay, Playson, Hacksaw Gaming, Design Works Gaming, Slotmill, Iron Dog Studio, Bragg, GAMOMAT, Skillzzgaming, Wizard Games, Spinomenal, Spinberry, Spribe, 1X2gaming, Wazdan, Realistic Games, SYNOT Games, Quickspin, Skywind, Stakelogic, RAW iGaming, Red Rake Gaming, NOVOMATIC, RubyPlay, Leander, Tom Horn Gaming, Big Time Gaming, Gaming Realms, Booming Games, Ainsworth, BetGames, Lightning Box Games, Just For The Win, Foxium, Neko Games, Fantasma Games, Slot Factory Games, NextGen Gaming	95.88%	Up to 24 hours	3700+	Claim Your Bonus!	Full T&Cs Apply.18+ New customers only. £10 min deposit. Opt-in and Bet £20+ on any slot, 100 Free Spins on Big Bass Splash, £0.10 per spin. Winnings paid as cash, £100 Max win. . Gamble Responsibly GambleAware.org
3	Hyper Casino	4.8/5	Deposit and Wager £10 for 50 Cash Spins on Wanted Dead or a Wild	Visa, Mastercard, Trustly, PayPal, Skrill, Neteller Amatic Industries, Blueprint Gaming, Evolution Gaming, IGT, Microgaming, Novomatic, NextGen Gaming, Play'n GO, Pragmatic Play, Relax Gaming, Stakelogic, Red Tiger, 4ThePlayer, NetEnt, NYX, Scientific Games, WMS, Booming Games, Hacksaw Gaming, Reelplay, Print Studio, Gameburger, Fantasma, 1x2gaming, Iron Dog Studio, Nolimit City, Inspired, Big Time Gaming, Thunderkick, ELK Studios, Eyecon, Slingo, Spinomenal	96.50%	1 - 2 days	1500+	Claim Your Bonus!	Full T&Cs Apply. 18+ New players only | Deposit & wager at least £10 to get free spins | Free Spins winnings are cash | No max cash out | Eligibility is restricted for suspected abuse | Skrill deposits excluded | Free Spins value £0.20 per spin | Free Spins expire in 48 hours | Gamble Responsibly | BeGambleAware.org
4	Mr Mega	4.8/5	Up to £80 Welcome Bonus	Visa, Mastercard, Bank Transfer, Trustly, PayPal, AstroPay, MuchBetter, Skrill, PaysafeCard Aspire Global, Play"n GO, Scientific Gaming, Ainsworth, Realistic, iSoftBet, Lightnig Box, IGT, Wizard Games, Blueprint Gaming, Barcrest, Skywind, Quickspin, Red Tiger, Pragmatic Play, Evolution Gaming, Inspired Gaming, Stakelogic, Games Global, Bally Wulff, Eyecon, Red Rake, Playzido, SYNOT, Yggdrasil, Slingo, Playson, Ruby Play, NetEnt, Hacksaw Gaming, Booming Games, Wazdan, 1x2gaming, Betixon, Spinberry, Oryx Gaming, Spribe, Slotmill, Greentube	96.10%	1 - 6 days	2543	Claim Your Bonus!	Full T&Cs Apply. 18+, WELCOME BONUS: NEW PLAYERS ONLY, 1ST DEPOSIT, MIN DEPOSIT: £10, MAX £80. WAGERING REQUIREMENTS APPLY 35X.
5	Videoslots	4.7/5	100% up to £200	Visa, Mastercard, PayPal, Neteller, Skrill, PaysafeCard, Trustly, Bank Transfer 1x2gaming, 2 by 2 Gaming, 4 The Player, Acerun, Ad Lunam, Adoptit Publishing, AGS, Ainsworth, Alchemy Gaming, All 41 Studios, Apparat Gaming, Area Vegas, Armadillo Studios, Asylum Labs, Atlantic Digital, Atomic Slot Lab, Aurum Signature Studios, Authentic Gaming, Avatar UX, Bad Dingo, Bally Wulff, Bang Bang, Barcrest, Barstruck, BB Games, Bet Digital, Betixon, BF Games, BGaming, Big Time Gaming, Black Pudding Games, Bluberi, Blue Guru Games, Blue Ring Studios, Blueprint Gaming, Boomerang Studios, Buck Stakes Entertainment, Bulletproof Games, Cayetano Games, Circular Arrow, Coin Machine Gaming, Core Gaming, Crazy Tooth Studio, Crucible Gaming, D-Tech, Design Works Gaming, Electric Elephants, ELK Studios, Evolution Gaming, Eyecon, Fantasma Games, FELT, Fortune Factory Studios, Four Leaf Gaming, Foxium, FunFair Technologies, Gacha Studios, Gameburger Studios, Games Inc, GamesLab, Gamevy, Gaming1, Genesis Gaming, Gold Coin Studios, Golden Rock Studios, Gong Gaming Technologies, Greentube, Hacksaw Gaming, Half Pixel Studios, Hammertime, Highlimit Studio, Hot Rise Games, Hungry Bear Gaming, Hurricane Games, IGT, Indigo Magic, Infinity Dragon Studios, Ino Games, Inspired Gaming, Iron Dog Studio, iSoftBet, Jade Rabbit Studios, Jelly Entertainment, Just For The Win, Kalamba, Leander Games, Leap Gaming, Lightning Box, Lucksome, Magic Dreams, Max Win Gaming, Merkur Gaming, Metagu, Microgaming, Nailed It! Games, Neko Games, Neon Valley Studios, NetEnt, NetGaming, NextGaming, NextGen Gaming, Nolimit City, Northern Lights Gaming, Old Skool Studios, OnAir, One Touch Games, Oros Gaming, Pariplay, Pear Fiction Studios, Peter & Sons, PG Soft, Pixiu Gaming, Play'n GO, Playson, Playtech, Playzido, Pragmatic Play, Print Studios, Prospect Gaming, Pulse 8 Studios, Push Gaming, QuickSpin, Rabcat, RAW i Gaming, Real Dealer, Realistic, Red 7, Red Rake Gaming, Red Tiger, Reel Time Gaming, ReelPlay, Reflex Gaming, Relax Gaming, Revolver Gaming, Ruby Play, S Gaming, SG Digital, Shuffle Master, Side City, Silverback, Skillzzgaming, Skywind, Slingo, Slingshot Studios, Slot Factory, Snowborn, Spreadhaed Studios, Spin On, Spin Play Games, Spinberry, Spinomenal, Stakelogicm, STHLMGAMING, Storm Gaming, Stormcraft Studios, Switch Studios, SYNOT Games, The Games CO, Thunderbolt Gaming, Thunderkick, Tom Horn Gaming, Tochstone Gaming, Trigger Studios, Triple Edge Studios, Wazdan, Welly, Wild Streak, Williams Interactive, Wishbone, Wizard Games, Yggdrasil	95.27%	1 - 5 days	3888+	Claim Your Bonus!	Full T&Cs Apply. 18+. New Customers only. £10 minimum deposit required, 35x wagering before you can withdraw the bonus funds. Contributions to wagering vary by game. Bonus will be paid out in 10% increments to your cash account. Max bet per spin is 50% of your deposit up to £20. BeGambleAware. Play Responsibly.
6	Karamba	4.7/5	Get up to 300 Free Spins On Play'n GO games	Visa, Mastercard, Bank Transfer, Trustly, PayPal, AstroPay, MuchBetter, Skrill, PaysafeCard Pragmatic Play, NetEnt, Evolution, Play'n GO, iSoftBet, Ainsworth, Blueprint Gaming, Wizard Games, QuickSpin, Bally Wulff, Authentic Gaming, Red Rake, Red Tiger, Games Global, Skywind, StakeLogic, Playson, Eyecon, Gaming Realms, SYNOT Games, Ruby Play, Indigo Magic, 1x2gaming, Hacksaw Gaming, G Games, Spinomenal, Eyecon, Bluberi, Yggdrasil, Greentube, Atomic Slot Lab, NextGen, Scientific Games, SpinBerry, Booming Games, Betixon, Realistic Games	96.00%	1 - 6 days	2600	Claim Your Bonus!	Full T&Cs Apply. 18+. New players only. Min dep £20. Offer is: 1st dep: dep & wager £20 within 7 days of registration to get 50 free spins. 2nd dep: dep & wager £20 within 7 days of your 1st dep to get 100 free spins. 3rd dep: dep & wager £20 within 7 days of your 2nd dep to get 150 free spins. Wagering is on Slot or Slingo games only. Spins valid on Play'n GO games. Winnings from Free Spins are credited as cash funds and capped at £100. These cash funds are immediately withdrawable. Free spins must be used within 7 days. Affordability checks apply. GambleAware.org.
7	Diamond7	4.6/5	Earn Points and Unlock Wager-Free Spins On Selected Games	Visa, Mastercard, PaysafeCard, Skrill, Neteller, Bank Transfer Barcrest, Relax Gaming, Thunderkick, Wazdan, Hacksaw Gaming, Push Gaming, ELK Studios, Just For The Win, Merkur, Play'n GO, Microgaming, Blueprint Gaming, Gamevy, Foxium, All 41 Studios, IGT, Gameburger Studios, Evolution Gaming, Eyecon Gaming, Triple Edge Studios, Net Gaming, Gacha Studios, Pragmatic Play, NetEnt, Slingo, Lightning Box, Gold Coin Studios, Nolimit City, Big Time Gaming, Leander, Spin Play Games, Kalamba, Iron Dog, Fantasma Games, Inspired Gaming, Live 5 Gaming, Snowborn Games, Core Gaming, Greentube, Scientific Games, Stakelogic, Stormcraft Studios, 4 The Player, Golden Rock Studios, PG Soft, Crazy Tooth Studio, WMS, Pear Fiction Gaming, Buck Stakes Entertainment, Neon Valley Studios, Chance Interactive, 1x2gaming, Max Win, Pulse 8, Neko Games, Endemol, Lucksome Studios, Switch Studios, Spinomenal, SYNOT, Design Works Gaming, Spreadhead, Playzido, RAW iGaming, Gaming Corps, Reelplay, Alchemy Gaming, OnAir, Slingshot, Prospect Gaming, Tom Horn Gaming, Authentic Gaming, Reel Time Gaming, S Games, Rabcat, Felt Games, Area Vegas, Red Rake, High Limit Studio, Nailed It!, Oros, Skywind, Pear Fiction, Print Studio, Fortune Factory, Four Leaf Gaming, Aurum Signature Studios, Revolver Gaming, AGS, Blue Guru Games, Armadillo Studios, Red 7, Crucible Gaming, Blue Ring Studios, Spinmatic, Max Win, Ad Lunam, Hammertime Games, Lady Luck Games, Silverback Games, Octoplay, Barstruck, AvatarUX, Electric Elephants, Rogue, Half Pixel Studios, Realistic Games	97.12%	1 - 2 days	1200+	Claim Your Bonus!	Full T&Cs Apply. 18+. New players only. Min dep. £20. Valid for 14 days from registration. Welcome Offer: Earn points for cash bets made to unlock wager-free spins on selected games: 2 points for every £10 bet on Slots, 1 point for every £10 bet on Video Poker and qualifying Side Bets. 0.25 points for every £10 bet on Roulette games. Maximum accumulation of redeemable points is limited to 2000. You will receive spins based on the number of points earned:10, 20, 35, 50 points = 5 spins, 70 points = 1 Superspin, 100 points = 10 spins, 200 points = 5 Superspins, 300 points = 4 Superspins, 500 points = 6 Superspins. Additionally you will earn an extra 120 Spins for every 375 points earned above the 500-point threshold, until you reach a total of 2000 points. Spins credited the next day. Spin winnings credited as cash funds and capped at £100 per batch of spins. Cash funds are immediately withdrawable. Wager-free spins must be used within 72 hours. Full terms apply. Affordability checks apply. GambleAware.org
8	Mr Vegas	4.6/5	100% up to £200	Visa, Mastercard, PayPal, Neteller, Skrill, Bank Transfer, AstroPay, PaysafeCard 1x2gaming, 2 by 2 Gaming, 4 The Player, Acerun, Ad Lunam, Adoptit Publishing, AGS, Ainsworth, Alchemy Gaming, All 41 Studios, Apparat Gaming, Area Vegas, Armadillo Studios, Asylum Labs, Atlantic Digital, Atomic Slot Lab, Aurum Signature Studios, Authentic Gaming, Avatar UX, Bad Dingo, Bally Wulff, Bang Bang, Barcrest, Barstruck, BB Games, Bet Digital, Betixon, BF Games, BGaming, Big Time Gaming, Black Pudding Games, Bluberi, Blue Guru Games, Blue Ring Studios, Blueprint Gaming, Boomerang Studios, Buck Stakes Entertainment, Bulletproof Games, Cayetano Games, Circular Arrow, Coin Machine Gaming, Core Gaming, Crazy Tooth Studio, Crucible Gaming, D-Tech, Design Works Gaming, Electric Elephants, ELK Studios, Evolution Gaming, Eyecon, Fantasma Games, FELT, Fortune Factory Studios, Four Leaf Gaming, Foxium, FunFair Technologies, Gacha Studios, Gameburger Studios, Games Inc, GamesLab, Gamevy, Gaming1, Genesis Gaming, Gold Coin Studios, Golden Rock Studios, Gong Gaming Technologies, Greentube, Hacksaw Gaming, Half Pixel Studios, Hammertime, Highlimit Studio, Hot Rise Games, Hungry Bear Gaming, Hurricane Games, IGT, Indigo Magic, Infinity Dragon Studios, Ino Games, Inspired Gaming, Iron Dog Studio, iSoftBet, Jade Rabbit Studios, Jelly Entertainment, Just For The Win, Kalamba, Leander Games, Leap Gaming, Lightning Box, Lucksome, Magic Dreams, Max Win Gaming, Merkur Gaming, Metagu, Microgaming, Nailed It! Games, Neko Games, Neon Valley Studios, NetEnt, NetGaming, NextGen Gaming, Nolimit City, Northern Lights Gaming, Old Skool Studios, OnAir, One Touch Games, Oros Gaming, Pariplay, Pear Fiction Studios, Peter & Sons, PF Soft, Pixiu Gaming, Play'n GO, Playson, Playtech, Playzido, Pragmatic Play, Print Studios, Prospect Gaming, Pulse 8 Studios, Push Gaming, QuickSpin, Rabcat, RAW i Gaming, Real Dealer, Realistic, Red 7, Red Rake Gaming, Red Tiger, Reel Time Gaming, ReelPlay, Reflex Gaming, Relax Gaming, Revolver Gaming, Ruby Play, S Gaming, SG Digital, Shuffle Master, Side City, Silverback, Skillzzgaming, Skywind, Slingo, Slingshot Studios, Slot Factory, Snowborn, Spreadhaed Studios, Spin On, Spin Play Games, Spinberry, Spinomenal, Stakelogicm STHLMGAMING, Storm Gaming, Stormcraft Studios, Switch Studios, SYNOT Games, The Games CO, Thunderbolt Gaming, Thunderkick, Tom Horn Gaming, Tochstone Gaming, Trigger Studios, Triple Edge Studios, Wazdan, Welly, Wild Streak, Williams Interactive, Wishbone, Wizard Games	97.17%	1 - 5 days	7500+	Claim Your Bonus!	Full T&Cs Apply. 18+. New Casino players only. Min. deposit £10. 35x wagering applies within 60 days. Play responsibly.

Our Favourite Online Casinos by Category

To find the best Bally casino for you, we advise you to order your key preferences by importance. For example, I care about payout rates, so I would favour Mr Vegas thanks to its high casino RTP of 97.17%.

If you, too, have your own priorities, take a look at our category picks. Some online casinos with Bally might fall short in one area, like game diversity, but still offer something unique in return that is worth checking out.

Karamba

Karamba – Online Slots Variety

Karamba boasts one of the largest collections of online slots, with more than 2500 titles by 32 developers. You can enjoy diverse themes, innovative bonus features, and a wide range of gameplay styles. I've played some old but popular slots like Starburst there, alongside the latest Megaways titles.

Karamba highlights the most popular online slots among players.

Karamba hosts a large selection of progressive jackpot and fixed jackpot slots.

Karamba regularly updates the site with new slot releases by top game developers.

• Strengths
• Regularly Adds New Games
• Lots of Weekly Promotions
• Large Choice of Jackpot Slots

• Weaknesses
• Limited Live Dealer Games on Mobile
• Not Many RNG Table Games

Play Here Read Review

Casumo

Casumo – Jackpots & Progressive Slots

Popular titles from leading game developers offer plenty of variety and exciting win potential at Casumo, with more than 100 jackpot games to choose from. These include progressive slots from jackpot networks like King Millions, Wowpot, Age of Gods, Mega Moolah, Fire Blaze, and more. Having so many jackpot options really grabbed my attention!

Casumo has an impressive range of jackpot slots from top game developers.

Casumo is linked to many progressive jackpot networks, including Wowpot, Age of Gods, King Millions Mega Moolah, and many more.

Although the FAQ section could be better, Casumo does offer players excellent in-depth casino game gudies.

• Strengths
• Over 3,500 Slots to Play
• Exclusive Casumo Live Dealer Games
• Large Choice of Progressive Slots

• Weaknesses
• £3 Fee on Withdrawals Under £10
• FAQ Pages Need Improving

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MrQ

MrQ – Fairest Bonuses & Promotions

I like the current MrQ bonus because it is not complicated. You get only 50 free spins, but without any wagering requirements, and with a low minimum deposit of £10. The only drawback is that you have to use them on the Big Bass Splash - but after that, you get access to various daily bonuses and tournaments, and that's the big difference for me compared to other casino sites.

MrQ free spins has no wagering requirements, so you keep what you win.

Players can opt in to receive MrQ promotions that are transparent and fair.

MrQ hosts a large choice of slots, progressive jackpots, table games, and novelty casino games.

• Strengths
• Bonuses with No Wagering Requirements
• Fast Withdrawal Processing
• Refer a Friend Bonus Offer

• Weaknesses
• Limited Selection of Payment Methods
• Small Choice of Live Dealer Games

Play Here Read Review

Still looking for the right fit? If availability of Bally games isn’t a must, check out our broader selection of reputable sites on our page about top online casinos.

How We Rate Bally Casino Sites

Here are the main criteria that top Bally online casino sites must meet to be featured in our ranking:

• Valid licence from the UKGC
• Large selection of Bally games
• Fair Return-to-Player (RTP) rates
• Reasonable bonus terms and conditions
• Diverse online casino payment methods
• High security and data protection
• Mobile device compatibility
• Player-friendly betting limits
• Availability of responsible gambling tools

In order to provide the best and most interesting recommendations to our readers, our expert review team also delves into the finer details of each site, adapting our online casino rating process. When looking at the top Bally casinos, we have paid extra attention to the range of slots by this game developer.

Our Casino Guides

Enjoying your favourite games responsibly and safely shouldn’t have to be challenging. That’s why our team has prepared a series of practical online casino guides. These are designed to walk you through important topics, offering useful tips and advice.

About Bally

Originally founded in 1932, building pinball and slot machines in the United States, Bally has become an iconic name in the casino gaming industry. In 2014, Bally Technologies was acquired by Scientific Games for $5.1 billion, forming part of a group known as Light & Wonder since 2022.

As a wholly owned subsidiary of Light & Wonder, alongside renowned iGaming brands like Barcrest and WMS Industries among others, Bally Technologies primarily focuses on developing slots for land-based and online casino venues.

Although the brand names and logos are similar, and they share the same origins, Bally’s Corporation and Bally’s Interactive are separate entities.

Security & Fairness

The studio’s slots and games are registered to LNW Gaming Inc under licence number 41115, and the ‘Bally’ trading name is now listed as inactive.

Slots that remain active at online casinos have been tested by independent agencies, including eCOGRA and GLI, ensuring they meet all the current regulatory standards. Random number generator (RNG) fairness has also been verified.

Bally Slots

Finding the best Bally casino slots online is becoming increasingly difficult, given that most games were originally developed for land-based casinos. Yet, you can still see the studio logo featured in many captivating titles.

These days, many of the Bally casino online slots are listed under Scientific Games, which is part of the Light & Wonder group of studios and game developers.

My personal favourite is Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy, based on the hit comedy movie starring Will Ferrell, packed with amusing features and bonus rounds. Also popular is the Quick Hit series of slot games, with online casino variants emulating those found on the gaming floors at Las Vegas resort casinos.

Bally Table Games

Given that Bally Technologies focuses on slots, you won’t find any table games by this software developer. However, our recommended list of casinos on this page does feature table games by other top developers.

Bally Live Casino Games

There are no live casino games created by Bally Technologies. But as part of the Light & Wonder group, you will find live dealer games developed by its other studios, within our list of top casino sites.

Conclusion

Like hidden gems amidst a plethora of gaming options, iconic Bally slots can still be found at the best online casinos we review. It’s a testament to the developer that even a decade or more after many of these slots were created, they still have the capacity to keep casino gamers entertained.

Frequently Asked Questions

Given that players are still hunting the top Bally casino slots, we’ve answered some of the most popular questions below.

How do I find Bally online slots?

You can quickly find slots developed by Bally at our top recommended casino sites. However, since the company was acquired by Scientific Games in 2014, and is now under the Light & Wonder banner, you may also find them listed under those brands at online casinos.

Is it safe to play Bally slots online?

Yes! Although the company originally designed slot machines for land-based casinos, and still does, Bally slots at online casinos are completely safe. They are licensed by the UK Gambling Commission under parent company Light & Wonder, with fairness and compliance verified by third-party testing agencies.